Since its foundation in 1948 by Hellmut Ritter as a "Journal of the International Society of Oriental Research", Oriens has been dedicated to studies extending our knowledge of the languages, literatures, political, religious and intellectual history of what was once labeled as the Orient: the Ancient Near East, the World of Islam, Iran and Central Asia, and South, Southeast, and East Asia. The opening up of the sources, and the pursuit of philological and historical research based on original source materials has been the main focus of interest of its editors and contributors. Due to the principal fields of its long-time editors (after H. Ritter, Rudolf Sellheim was editor from 1967 to 2001), the Islamic Near East has taken some precedence over the remaining regions of the "Orient", but the journal continues to encourage contributions concerning the literary and intellectual exchange between all regions ranging from the Mediterranean to the farther regions of the Asian continent.